Growing crystals science project

Objective

The aim of the Growing crystals science project experiment is to make beautiful and unique crystals by using science technology. You may start your own experiment when you are reading this experiment.

Things needed for Growing crystals science project

● 1 1/2 cup sugar (white)
● 1 quart of water
● Plate with a small size
● A spoon, to be precise.
● A glass
● Paper made with wax
● Saucepan
● Fireplace
● Several 250 mL beakers or clean tiny jars
● Wooden skewers or cake pop sticks
● Pack of food coloring (optional)
● An adult who can assist you

Growing crystals science project Procedure

Step 1 Fill a glass halfway with water, add sugar to a tiny dish, and place a wax sheet within.
Dip one end of each stick (if used, snip off the dotted end) Put skewers in water, then roll them in sugar and tap them gently. Excess should be removed. Place each stick on waxed paper to dry.

Step 2 Pour 1/2 cup sugar into a cup of water in a saucepan. Stir until there is no more sugar to dissolve. Add more sugar (half cup at a time) until it dissolves even after several minutes of stirring. 1 1/2 cup sugar should be enough to complete dissolving in the pot. If there is some insoluble sugar on the bottom of the pan, this is ok. (You now have a sugar solution that is saturated.)

Step 3 Request that an adult assists you in heating the sugar mixture on the burner until it boils, stirring constantly. Reduce the heat to low and continue to whisk until all of the sugar has dissolved. (You’ve just made a supersaturated solution!)

Step 4 Continue to mix the liquid until it becomes clear, but no more than 5 minutes, otherwise it will become too hot and hard candy. As soon as it gets clear, turn off the stove.

Step 5 Remove the pan from the fire and set it aside to cool until it is hot again (the sugar solution will still be slightly warm).

Step 6 Pour the viscous sugar solution into a large grownup jar slowly. Fill each with about 2/3 of a cup of sugar solution, or enough to cover the sugar-coated sticks by several inches.

Step 7 Stir in 5-6 drops of food coloring in each jar. (This step is optional; just do it if you want to produce different colored crystal candy!)

Step 8 Place several sticks in each vial once the liquid has cooled and the sugar-coated sticks are totally dry.

Step 9 Move the jars to a safe location where they will not be disturbed. Every other day, check them and gently shake them in the sugar solution to break up any big crystals that may have formed on the surface.

Step 10 The glass should start to develop on the sticks after a few days. You should have a lot of crystals after approximately a week. When your “crystal candy” crystals have reached the desired size, remove them from the jar and place each color in transparent glass to dry.

Step 11 Once they’re dry, wrap them in cellophane food wrap and tie them with a ribbon to make a lovely gift.

Conclusion

Throughout the above Growing crystals science project experiment, you have grown the crystals and have the colorful crystal candy to enjoy with your friends. This is a unique scientific project that is completely safe to consume because it is made entirely of food components rather than chemicals. You also utilize your kitchen’s clean dishes. Never attempt an experiment unless it is entirely made of food and is prepared using only clean dishes

Bubble gum science project

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this Bubble gum science project task is to figure out which brand of bubblegum makes the biggest air pockets. When seeing a brand of bubblegum, it makes the greatest air pockets that assist others in knowing which one is the best one to purchase. This helps with the additional work of attempting to sort out which is better. My theory is that if I bite up Double Bubble bubblegum and blow it, at that point, there will be a greater air pocket than on the Bubblicious.

SURVEY OF LITERATURE

Biting gum has a set of experiences that ranges as far back as the antiquated Greeks, who bit the gum from mastic trees. Notwithstanding, it wasn’t until 1928 that Walter Diemer stumbled over the perfect gum formula to make the very first air pocket gum, a unique sort of chewing gum that permits the chewer to make bubbles. Initially, biting gum was produced using the plastic sap of the sapodilla tree (native to Central American sap was called IN Other Oral gums might be utilized, for example, sorva and jelutong. In some cases, beeswax or paraffin wax is used as a gum base.

After World War II, physicists figured out how to make manufactured elastic, which came to supplant most normal elastic in biting gum (e.g., polyethylene and polyvinyl acetic acid derivations). The last U.S. maker to utilize chicle is Glee Gum. Notwithstanding the gum base, biting gum contains sugar, flavorings, and conditioners. Conditioners are fixings, for example, glycerin or vegetable oil, that is used to combine different fixings and keep the gum from becoming hard or firm.

Neither regular nor manufactured plastic is promptly debased by the stomach-related framework. Nonetheless, On the off chance that you swallow your gum, it will very likely be discharged, ordinarily in basically the equivalent condition as when you gulped it. In any case, successive gum gulping might add to the arrangement of a bezoar or enterolith, which is a kind of gastrointestinal stone.

Thomas Adams previously attempted to change chicle into manufactured elastic items, prior to making biting gum. Every attempt to make toys, veils, downpour boots, and bike tires out of the chicle from Mexican sapodilla trees failed, so every examination turned into a fizzle. One day in 1869, he popped a piece of excess stock into his mouth and loved the taste. He had the plan to enhance the chicle while biting endlessly. Not long after, he introduced the world’s first biting gum.

MATERIAL REQUIRED

● 2 little pieces of wax paper

● 1-meter-long piece of string

● 1-meterstick

● 2 distinct bits of air pocket weapon marked A and B

Bubble gum science project PROCEDURE

● The person with brand A will chew their gum for 3 minutes.

● The person who has brand B doesn’t start biting until every one of the tests on brand An is finished.

● Blow an air pocket.

● Utilizing a string your accomplice will quantify the breadth (distance across) of the air pocket.

● Put the string on the meter stick to quantify the distance in centimeters(cm).

● Recordtheestimationinaninformationtable.Rehashthecycleforprelims2and3.

● Observe the normal air pocket size for brand A (add every one of the distances up and partition by 3) and put them in the information graph.

● Rehash stages 1-5 with brand Bgum.

RESULT

After biting each gum and blowing bubbles five times, the results clearly show that Double Bubble will create more air pockets than Bubblicious. In every preliminary, the Double Bubble gum bubble was bigger than the Bubblicious gum bubble. In general, Double Bubble gum bubbles were on average 6 cm bigger than Bubblicious.

CONCLUSION

In this Bubble gum science project my speculation that Double Bubble would create a greater air pocket than Bubblicious was right. I think I had the option to blow a greater air pocket with Double Bubble since it stayed delicate and stretchy. This could be a direct result of the expansion of the fixing confectioner’s coating, which Bubblicious doesn’t have. If I somehow happened to rehash this analysis, I figured I would attempt it with just Bubblicious brand gum and an assortment of flavors. Alternatively, I could try using only Double Bubble and varying the amount of time I bite each piece of gum, or I could try storing the bits of gum in various temperatures.

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Global Warming

Abstract

The technology and the development of resources for human beings have given birth to potentially catastrophic Global Warming. The forests gave way to industrialization; fossil fuel burning on a massive scale caused the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) on a larger perspective. This experiment is to determine the effect of carbon dioxide on the environment and temperature changes.

Theory

The project experiment will prove that ‘Unwarranted high temperatures relate to higher carbon dioxide content in the air.

Objective

Carbon dioxide (CO2) emits from vehicles and industries when fuel burns. The carbon content present in the emission reacts to produce CO2. Carbon molecules absorb Earth’s heat energy. These molecules do not hold heat for long and release it into the atmosphere. More CO2 produced and released into the atmosphere is dangerous for our ecosystem.

Deforestation is worrisome as the plants absorb substantial CO2 during photosynthesis. Sea also absorbs some CO2, but the rest is released into the atmosphere. The past century has seen a substantial rise in global temperature.

The objective of the experiment is to prove that CO2 emission raises the significant atmospheric temperature.

Experiment Procedure

Required Materials- 3 luminescent lamps, 3 fish tanks with airtight covers and a small 15-20mm diameter hole, 15-20 mm in diameter300 mm rubber hose & 1-meter long rubber hose, 1 airtight plastic bag, 1 infrared thermometer, stopwatch, masking tape, 3 kg of black-colored soil, A vehicle, and a helping hand.

Variables

Independent variable- CO2 Concentration by air is blown from lungs or smoke from car exhaust.
Dependent variable- The temperature of the air in the tank, measured by an infrared thermometer.
Constants variables- the Initial temperature of the air in the tanks, quantity of soil in the base of the tanks, and volume of the tanks.

Process

The three water tanks were filled with a layer of black soil about 20mm thick.

• First tank- A cover placed and sealed with masking tape too. It contains normal air.
• The second tank- Filled with human lungs air, blown through a rubber hose into the gap in the tank then cover sealed with the masking tape.
• The third tank- Fill car emissions in the tank through a hosepipe and seal cover.
• Place 3-lamps above the tanks 1 meter above and leave there until the temperature inside reaches 32°c. Switch off the lamps and record temperature inside after every 10 minutes for one hour.
• The CO2 concentration of human lungs is 4% and car’ exhausts around 12%. Overall, the air around us has about 0.038% carbon dioxide.

Observation

1. Normal Air in the first tank- CO2: 0.038%- Temperature after 1-hour drops to 25.5°c from 32°c.
2. Air from Lungs- CO2 4%- Temperature after 1-hour drops to 27.8° from 32°c.
3. Car exhaust- CO2 12% -Temperature after 1-hour drops to 29.9° from 32°c.

Conclusion

The first tank with the normal air cools down the quickest and the third tank of air from the car exhaust cools down the slowest. This proves carbon plays a huge role in raising the atmospheric temperature and global warming in a larger perspective.

Effects of Acid Rain on Buildings

Abstract

In this post, we will see the Effects of Acid Rain. Acid rain is the rain that becomes acidic due to water vapors reacting with other pollutants like nitrogen and sulfur present in our atmosphere. Acid rains are huge threats to the ecosystem and environment. In addition, these cause serious damages to the buildings and monuments the world over.

Overview

Building materials like Limestone and marbles are susceptible to damage by acid rain. These two comprise a component called calcite that easily dissolves in acid. Acid rains cause heavy damage to the concrete surfaces and paint finishes on building surfaces.

Conduct this science project to understand, which building materials are prone to acid rain damage. Use marble, limestone, granite, and bricks to carry out this project.

Effects of Acid Rain Theory

Limestone is susceptible to most damages from the acid rain between marble, Limestone, granite, and bricks.

Procedure for the Experiment

Required Materials

The materials required for this science fair project experiment: –

• 100 grams each of marble, brick, granite, and Limestone.
• 1-digital weighing scale
• 4-beakers, 1600ml of vinegar
• 1 measuring cylinder, 1 piece of cloth, 1 sandpaper, hammer, and chisel

Procedure

Independent Variable– Construction material for testing marble, limestone, brick, and granite.
Dependent Variable– The weight measurement of the residual construction material after a few days.
Constant Variable– The amount of vinegar used and its acidity, the preliminary weight of the construction material, duration of the science experiment.

• All four materials marble, limestone, brick, and granite should be 100 gm each and clean for the Effects of Acid Rain experiment. Use hammer, chisel, and sandpaper if weight is more than the requirement. Record the weight before you begin.
• Measure 400ml vinegar in the measuring cylinder and pour them into 4-separate beakers where materials are placed for testing. Vinegar is used here as a replica of acid rains.
• For consecutive four days, take out the materials from the beakers and wipe them clean to take their weights on the digital scale and record them.

Observation

In the Effects of Acid Rain experiment, the weight observed on the different materials after dipping them individually in vinegar for four days is as below. The weight remains now of the initial weight of100 g each, and the rest dissolved in vinegar.

Marble – 26g
Granite- 96g
Brick- 76g
Limestone- 11g

Observation

Observed that the limestone and marble lost most quantity in weight. The brick lost relatively lesser of its actual weight by 24% and the granite dissolved the least.
The technology has helped modern homes and buildings to acquire materials resistant to acid rain. However, acid rains still affect them in a big way.

• The steel rods corrode when exposed to acid rains.
• Bricks start to disintegrate in the acid rain even the special fabric called silica that holds the material. Thus, bricks become weak and brittle, causing bricks walls to collapse, as seen in many cases.

Conclusion

The belief that limestone faces the biggest damage from acid rain is true. This causes huge damages every year and costs millions that go to waste. This weakens steel structures, bridges, buildings, and historical monuments. This is alarming and needs due care and the use of the right materials.